Clamps are winged or wingless, retentive or bland ( Fig. There are also non-metallic clamps made of plastic (SoftClamp, KerrHawe, Bioggio, Switzerland) on the market. Most clamps are made from stainless steel some are made from plated steel, which may be more susceptible to corrosion by sodium hypochlorite. In endodontics, anchorage is the main requirement. A surgical haemostat may be used to position X-ray films, for radiography during treatment.Ĭlamps have two uses: first, they anchor the rubber dam to the tooth, and second, they retract the gingivae. A millimetre ruler or other measuring device should be available for measuring purposes. A flat plastic instrument and an amalgam plugger are needed for placement of an inter-appointment restoration. Both Briault and periodontal probes are necessary for the initial assessment of the tooth for caries and the localized periodontal condition. Locking tweezers are ideal for handling paper points, gutta-percha points, cotton wool pellets and root canal instruments. A long spoon excavator is required to remove pulpal contents and soft caries where present. The endodontic explorer is a double-ended, extra-long, sharp instrument designed to help in the location of canal entrances and for detecting fractures. A front-surfaced mouth mirror produces an undistorted image for good visibility deep within the pulp chamber. For convenience, a basic selection of instruments should be packaged or set-up in a tray, ready to use ( Fig.
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